Wednesday, March 23, 2011

Japan's Tragedy A Wake Up Call to India??


My mailbox has been flooded by emails from various activist groups urging my support to sign petitions to the Indian government to avoid another tragedy like Japan's in India.

"The Indian government is close to approving the world's biggest nuclear power development -- in an earthquake zone. Let's tell PM Singh to learn from Japan's nuclear crisis and stop the plan! Sign the petition."


The letter continues, "Our voices can tip the balance. This is the crucial moment: if enough of us call on Singh to stop the project now, we can make the project too controversial to continue.When the petition reaches 50,000 we'll deliver it to media and the Prime Minister’s office -- sign now and then send this to family and friends." 


If this wasn't  convincing enough it continued to stress the point further,

"There are several factors that make the proposed Jaitapur energy park particularly dangerous. The gigantic nuclear development, planned for the tsunami-prone coast of Jaitapur, will rely on a brand new type of mega-reactor that has not been approved for use anywhere in the world. Scientists classify the proposed site of the Jaitapur complex as Zone 3, susceptible to "very strong" seismic activity. In 1993, Jaitapur experienced a powerful 6.5-rated quake that left nearly 9,000 people dead. If the plants are built, the next quake could be far deadlier. Already this week, Germany announced it will decommission 40% of its nuclear plants and halt planned extensions, reversing a controversial decision to expand its nuclear programme. Here in India, it's time to make the same decision.


In my mind, I had already made my decision...


"Moreover, the plant would also be an environmental and social travesty. Jaitapur is home to amazingly diverse wildlife. The massive energy campus would displace over 40,000 people and destroy one of India's greatest natural landscapes -- eating away at the habitat of tigers, elephants and thousands of other species, even if no earthquake occurs. In the event of a Japan-like quake, the devastation would be mind-boggling. Now, when these dangers are most vivid, let’s join our voices to oppose these plants"


The foreign intervention, the destruction of environment in the name of  progress, and finally the will to make a difference to save the world all motivated me into signing the petition, strongly protesting against the Indian government. Protesting against the government was not just motivated by the proposed Jaitapur energy park, but some of us like me, just need an excuse to protest against the Indian government, so in order to vent out frustrations over all things gone wrong in the country I needed an excuse, and this my friend, was a perfect one. This had all the makings of me looking good, doing good for the all-blinded-by-greed, lured-by-foreign-investment-Indian-government. Hence, I had a peaceful night's sleep after signing the petition, with the complacence of doing some good.



My wake up call came in the form of another email that followed the previous one in my mailbox,


"Sent: Wed, 16 March, 2011 10:56:34 PM
Subject: Re: Nuclear disaster: Japan now, India next?



I strongly think that these people are PUSHING INDIA BACKWARDS !!!

No country develops until its attains critical technologies. Chernobyl episode did not stop Russia to use nuclear plants and Bhopal episode did not shut down all gas plants in the country. The Japan episode should be taken as a lesson to make stricter safely measures by scientists and govt and should be placed much away from human/animal habitation. 


Every human/animal life is precious but think how many people are killed/suffers from diseases  by pollution caused by thermal power plants in India everyday. Our problem is we now a days forgot to use our own brain ....we just flow with the market...whatever we hear, we start believing and propagate that shit thing !!! 

Dont support such a cause and harm India producing clean energy when our energy budget is growing every moment. Rather ask for more and more safety measure to stop such accidents. A early college goer type comment: "I think these people are getting money from Pakis or Chinis to push back India's development......LOL" !!!"


An Assistant Professor from Sociology and Social Anthropology, Dept of Humanities and Social Sciences, The Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, provided a thoughtful insight  in the chain of letters. 

"nuclear radiation and nuclear disasters have generational and life-threatening impact. A mega dam breaks and we can manage it somehow but if a Nagasaki or a Hiroshima or Chernobyl happens then we will have to deal with that for 'centuries'....clean-up operations and costs of that kind are avoidable. We do have more healthy 'energy-producing' options??? As a Sociologist, Beck conceptualized of contemporary society as the Risk society - Japan exposes the gaping fault lines of our existence as a risk socio-economy and our threatened social future! Our premises for a COMMON SOCIAL FUTURE therefore have to be re framed and reconceptualized with the new Japan data.

More people do die of malaria and contaminated water related disease how many die of AIDS ??? how many due to nuclear radiation??? how many die in riots and ethnic conflicts? die in road accidents ??? how many got killed due to a 'random' earthquake ???? how many die because they don't earn enough to be able to eat ???"

All the arguments and the counter-arguments had my head reeling with doubt, and I finally asked myself, did I do the right thing in signing the petition, or was it a hasty decision motivated by the general idea that the government is evil and it can do nothing right? If the government's decision was motivated by greed, wasn't my decision motivated by prejudice. It's a complicated scenario and in the unpredictable and random factor in our design and production mechanisms and implementation and governance of these productive strategies. Simply because the nuclear reactor burst in Japan costing hundreds of lives does not mean it will spell the same fate for India. To look at a problem and learn from it is wise, but shrinking away from progress in fear of disaster is being pessimistic. And we all know that attitude doesn't go well with progress of any nation.

Foremost, let's work out or think of solutions and not just dwell on problems (this is not to belittle the problem of realizing or conceptualizing the problem and the problematic) but to ensure by taking preventive measures and practicing caution, not just on paper but in practice. Shouldn't the petition be urging the government for taking more precautionary measures and ensuring safety of the people whose lives depend on the Jaitapur energy park, than to put a stop on it? Shouldn't we be looking for solutions rather than dwelling on the problem? What has happened is a lesson that should be treated as an eye opener, where we have seen that the result could be totally unexpected despite the best intentions, but that should never be the reason to get regressive. Taking precaution and calculating risk before beginning is smart but not implementing a project for the fear of an uncertain, unknown, probable disaster in future is like using a rubber balloon in place of a latex condom for the fear of procreation. The impact and the utility of one cannot replace the other, simply signing petitions might not be the solution but being careful with proper precautions could be. Like my concerned friend sent me this thoughtful message as an offline chat,

"There was a nuclear blast at 4:30pm on Sunday in Fukushima, Japan. If it rains today or in the next few days, DO NOT GO UNDER THE RAIN. If you get caughtout, use an umbrella or raincoat, even if it's only a drizzle. Radioactive particles, which may cause burns, alopecia or even cancer, may be in the rain.. pls pass on to all u care."

Who knows how much truth there is in this assertion, but I would take precaution and wear my raincoat/ umbrella to avoid the rainfall.

Letter from Tokyo


After the Japan tragedy with the twin disasters of earthquake and Tsunami, we can only imagine through the pictures in newspapers what the people living there must have gone through. The losses, the tragedies are felt even deeper if you have a friend stuck there in such uncertain times. And what a relief it must be to receive his email after so long, to tell that he escaped the disaster unscathed. Here is a first hand account of the scenario post earthquake in Japan. My friend studies in Tokyo University, at the final stages of completing his Phd. This is his account of the present condition of Japan and what the people living there are facing.


from  Luke 
to  Varnana Sarkar
date Tue, Mar 22, 2011 at 9:18 PM
subject  Re: How are you?



      9:18 PM (12 hours ago)
Hey,
dont worry, all is fine with me and everyone else I know. Transportation has been pretty messed up which has caused a number of inconveniences in tokyo, but in the scheme of things they hardly matter. Things up north are absolutely terrible... its looking like 20k or more people died, despite all the preparations. We were incredibly lucky it didn't hit tokyo itself or the death toll would have been a much much higher. Well that has been one of the unusual things about the disaster, the majority of the victims have been elderly. Firstly because the more rural parts of japan have fewer young people and secondly because they were least likely to be able to escape from the tsunami. They still have no idea of the damage, but it looks like several cities were literally decimated.

At the moment though the city is in this incredibly sombre mood. In the last day or two we finally started getting proper deliveries of food to the stores, but the selection is way smaller than normal and more than half of the items at some stores are sold out. I still can't find milk... the blackouts havent been affecting the central city, but people are doing their best to save power so the city is a lot darker than normal (this really affects the mood). I almost hit someone when riding home tonight because all of the streetlights were turned off!

Anyway, I am fine, so no need to worry:)


Luke



Tuesday, March 22, 2011

Best Ads I Came Across

While researching for my dissertation on metaphors in media, I came across thousands of ads over the years. While I could use some of them for the paper, others are presented here. These are some of my favourite ones.


Volkswagen Van came up with this brilliant idea to promote its carrying capacity as against many other cars:

Volkswagen_Van.jpg 
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Ford Mondeo showcases its pickup speed with this stunner of an advertisement. Great execution.
Ford
 Mondeo_resized.jpg 
The copy reads "From 0 to 100 kmph in 8.7 seconds."
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From Volswagen for its Nueva Passat car. Here the emphasis on the luxurious back space available in the car. Again, great art work and execution.
Nueva Passat_back space.jpg

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Some more effective anti-smoking advertisements that I came across recently:
Cigarette_Grave_resized.jpg 
Smoking_Tar in lungs.jpg

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The ad is for Sunsilk Shampoo. The copy reads - "For stronger hair". No comments!!
SunsilkShampoo_shoe.jpg

This is for The Economist magazine
TheEconomist_mag.jpg

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- An ad for Western Union Money Transfer, targeted at the receivers. Interesting play of words.
WesternUnionMoneyTransfer.jpg

Ad for Lucozade "energy drink". Guess on some days we could do with one of these energy drinks.
Lucozade_Energydrink.jpg

Sugar free Lollipop..!!
ChupaChups_LolliPop_SugarFree.jpg

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The headline is a beautiful play of words. Save Trees. Trees save. And the visual impact is quite stunning. He who first said that a picture is worth many words is quite right.
SaveTrees.jpg

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This is a very catchy ad for a karate school. Looks like they have a very practical approach to learning it :-)

Karate_School.jpg

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The copy says: "Harry's bread. Nice and Soft." Indeed. The cute sleepy girl takes the cake here, er.. I mean, the bread.
Harrys_SoftBread_resized.jpg

This is a print ad taken out by Rodasol insect killer in the Obituary section of a newspaper. Death to the Bugs :-)

Rodasol_Dead.jpg

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The power of knowledge - Economic Times2_resized.jpg

The power of knowledge - Economic Times3_resized.jpg

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A very interesting print ad by Frizz skin salon. Catchy.
Frizz_skin salon.jpg

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Thank God the zoom was invented.  
Kodak_zoom.jpg

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And here is one of the best anti-smoking ad, released by Cancer Patients Aid Association:
smoking.gif 
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A very simple but hard-hitting advertisement by the Mumbai Traffic Police on the importance of wearing helmet:
WearHelmet_Mumbai traffic police.jpg

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Drunk drivers get preference over others in prime parking spots. Surprised? Here's how:
drunkdrivers.jpg

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One of the best, by Seagram, that asks drivers to choose carefully between two things:
Seagram_DrinkDrive.jpg

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An explosion of colours fantastically brought out by the recent print ads for Sony Bravia television:
SonyBravia_colours1.jpg

SonyBravia_colours2.jpg

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Here is a very creative use of bowling alleys to advertise for dental implant insurance. Whoever got this idea and made a sudden leap of imagination was being sooo.. damn creative.
dental_implant_resized.jpg

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IWC, the famous Swiss watch makers, used these stickers on the holds in airport buses to catch the attention of travelling pilots and other passengers for their new "Big Pilot's Watch".
IWC watches_resized.jpg

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A "Don't Drink and Drive" campaign by Vasir breweries on their beer bottle caps. Upon opening the bottle, the car printed on the cap appears bent, and on reverse we have the simple slogan. Very simple but effective.
Vasir breweries.jpg

Useful Information Collected Via Various Email Forwards




1. If you see children Begging anywhere in INDIA , please contact:
"RED SOCIETY" at 9940217816. They will help the children for their studies.











2. Where you can search for any BLOOD GROUP, you will get thousands of donor addresses. www.friendstosupport.org



3. Engineering Students can register in www.campuscouncil.com to attend Off Campus for 40 Companies.



4. Free Education and Free Hostel for Handicapped/Physically Challenged children.


Contact:- 9842062501 , 9894067506.




5. If anyone met with fire accident or people born with problems in their ear, nose and mouth can get free PLASTIC SURGERY done by Kodaikanal PASAM Hospital . From 23rd March to 4th April by German Doctors.
Everything is free. Contact : 045420-240668,245732
"Helping Hands are Better than Praying Lips"




6. If you find any important documents like Driving license, Ration card, Passport, Bank Pass Book, etc., missed by someone, simply put them into any near by Post Boxes. They will automatically reach the owner and Fine will be collected from them.


7. Special phone number for Eye bank and Eye donation: 04428281919 and 04428271616 (Sankara Nethralaya Eye Bank). For More information about how to donate eyes plz visit these sites.http://ruraleye.org/


8. Heart Surgery free of cost for children (0-10 yr) Sri Valli Baba Institute Banglore. 10.
Contact : 9916737471





9. Medicine for Blood Cancer
'Imitinef Mercilet' is a medicine to control blood cancer. It's available free of cost at "Adyar Cancer Institute in Chennai".
Cancer Institute in Adyar, Chennai
Address:
East Canal Bank Road , Gandhi Nagar
Adyar
Chennai -600020
Landmark: Near Michael School
Phone: 044-24910754 044-24910754 , 044-24911526 044-24911526 , 044-22350241 044-22350241



10. Please CHECK WASTAGE OF FOOD
If you have a function/party at your home in India and food gets wasted, don't hesitate to call 1098.This is the number of a helpline.They will come and collect the food. Please circulate this message which can help feed many children.


AND LETS TRY TO HELP INDIA BE A BETTER PLACE TO LIVE IN (please let me know if any of this information was accurate and worked for you! Thanks to all my well wishers who forwarded me these various emails)

Saturday, March 19, 2011

Cooking Metaphors in Indian Culture


Food, though apparently an everyday matter, serves as an important social as well as cultural symbol. Out of all the significant aspects of community life, food (apart from arts) is perhaps the only one that binds while all others separate one community from the other. Food and culinary items define social hierarchies, and serve as a driving force behind people's actions. Food delineates privilege, economic class, and social position. Food is a land issue and a power issue. Food sustains life. Food is a motivating factor that propels action on the part of an individual, a community or an entire society.

Food is part of the cyclical pattern of life; food is culture. Sharing or offering food is the most primitive form of community bonding. These are some examples of cooking metaphors used in colloquial Indian English. We will notice that these tasty tidbits of metaphor all relate to cooking and eating. Beside each word is a short sentence using the metaphor, followed by an implication or conclusion that can be drawn from the usage. (This is, by no means, the limit of what can be said of each metaphor). One might also notice that higher temperatures are deemed injurious while lower temperatures produce more palatable results. Let’s take the following examples to understand the cooking related heat metaphor -

Grill: The lawyer grilled the witness on the stand. Tough questions create a damaging level of heat that makes physical contact.

Cook: He knew he was cooked when he saw his boss standing at the desk. Cooked is caught or responsible for wrongdoing, as if prior to being caught, one is raw or unfinished.

Toast: He knew he was going to be toast when he got home. Anger is heat that burns its target.

Fry: She knew she was fried when the teacher handed back her paper. Like grill, this involves higher temperatures.


Bake: It was a half-baked idea. Ideas progress in edibility, and must be fully baked to be of value. Thought is the heat that develops ideas. (borrowed)

Simmer: The crowd began to simmer down. Heat is activity, and activity is heat.

Boil: The boss was boiling mad. A lot of heat produces a lot of activity.

Flame: I was flamed on a message board. Punishment is fire.

Stew: The decision had him in a stew. A decision is a mixture of whole ingredients that must be simmered together, however incompatible in this case. (borrowed)

Burnt: Burnt by a shady deal. A transaction is fire, which, if not handled properly, may leave one injured.

Some other popular cooking related metaphors are-

Stir: Stirring up all kinds of emotions. Our emotions settle into levels in our minds, the top level is the most visible.

Recipe: A recipe for disaster. A disaster is the finished product of bad ingredients and processes.

Peel: Keep your eyes peeled. Your eyelid is a rind; your eyes are the fruit of vision.

Pickle: That's a real pickle of a problem. Some problems cannot be resolved, as if preserved indefinitely.

Raw: She had a raw talent for music. Talent is only potential, and must be developed (cooked).

Tasty: Tasty tidbits of information. The mind has a palate that prefers certain thoughts and information, and in small, easily digested servings.

Food: Food for thought. The mind is hungry, and eats ideas.

Dish: Dish out more criticism than one can take. Criticism comes in portions that fill a plate.

Plate: My plate is already too full. A plate is a flat, limited space for solid thoughts.

Serve: Served up a number of suggestions. Suggestions are food for thought.

Appetite: Children have an enormous appetite for learning. Appetite is also targeted hunger - children will have preferences in their diets.

Digest: Take a moment to digest the info. Processing data involves breaking down, changing and sorting it.

Swallow: Difficult to swallow. Data that is unfit for the mind needs extra effort.

All these examples are container metaphors where the body is the vessel and the mind is the seat of anger and hotness. In Indian culture the blood ‘boils’ when someone is angry and the head ‘bursts’ or ‘explodes’ when the extent of anger is beyond control. Some one with a short-temper is often referred to as ‘hot’ blood.

In the case of someone bugging, he/she is referred to as someone who is ‘cooking my head’. In literal terms, he/she is nagging me or boring me with his/her talks or company.

‘Cooking’ metaphors are more common than ‘baking’ metaphors. Historically, cooking on fire has been a long standing practice for Indians. Concept of baking is comparatively new. It was the influence of western culture that introduced the concept of baking. Hence some cooking/baking metaphors are borrowed from British English too.


Food metaphor in Indian folk tradition

There are various food metaphors to describe skin colour in Indian culture. The most popular is the one describing a fair skin which goes like ‘milk with red vermillion paste’, which is a very desirable pinkish complexion with emphasis on whiteness of the skin. This is the most desirable complexion for every girl, especially for any brown skinned girl.

Malai, the cream that is formed when milk is boiled and cooled is used in sweets and Mughlai gravies. Malai, milk, and butter have legendary importance in Indian tradition devolving from the pastoral Aryans who measured their wealth in cows. Krishna, the most beloved avatar in the Hindu pantheon, was a celebrated 'butter thief' as a child (Navneeta chora). A major event in Hindu myth is the churning of the ocean of milk (Kshirasagara Manthana), which yielded amrita, the nectar of immortality. Folk proverbs abound, using metaphors and similes of milk, cream and butter.

Curd, variously called dahi, thayir, doi, masuru, a staple in Indian diet; milk 'set' by an addition of lactobacilli from old yoghurt. Eaten plain or as raitas or pachadies or hot chutneys with vegetables and fruit added to it; beaten thin with water and seasoned as a summer drink; added by the spoonful and browned in gravies; steamed with sugar and garnished with sultanas and nuts as a pudding; eaten with rice and rotis. Dahi is virtually a concept in the Indian scheme of things, with ancient mytho-religious resonance deriving from the Krishna cult and early Aryanism; yoghurt was an important milk product for pastoral people and was given religious sanctity as Krishna's favourite food along with milk and butter.

Food metaphors are used by the poets of the Vedas and Upanishads (the most ancient of Hindu philosophical texts) to describe the indescribable mystical experience, which, by definition, is beyond all thought, language, and concrete reference merging into pure consciousness. But these ancient Indian poets masterfully used language to evoke the mystical experience, pointing the way for those seekers who followed.


Nectar: The Payoff

Nectar (amrita) is one of the most frequently repeated food references in mystical texts. The meaning of the word is comparable to our modern definition of ambrosia: that which is sweet. But it also conveys a deeper meaning in Indian philosophy, as the nectar which confers immortality and final emancipation.

The Vedas and Upanishads make explicitly clear that no matter how alluring the taste of nectar, it can only be gained by hard work and right intention. These texts strongly emphasize the relationship between sacrifice and the reward of amrita. Sacrifice can be both an actual ritual offering made by the Brahman priests, and a more figurative sacrifice that can take place on an internal level.

This figurative sacrifice must be made with an intention of utter devotion, with no thought to personal gain. Nectar as the reward for this type of sincere effort is yet another definition of amrita: "the residue of the sacrifice."

The Chandogya Upanishad is especially rich with food metaphors. We are told in the Chandogya that one who can learn the deepest mystical meaning of the chants "becomes rich in food, an eater of food."

Food also reveals how the senses are an intrinsic part of culture. Culture is not simply language and agreements on the meaning of concepts but also fragrances, sounds, smells, colours, shapes, patterns, rhythms, feelings, melodies. An indulgence of all the senses- food- is the harmony of sight, touch, taste and smell, therefore an integral part of our culture and language.