Friday, August 27, 2010

Dance by M.Mukundan- Book Review



Dance by M.Mukundan
Translated by D.Krishna Ayyar and K.G. Ramakrishnan
“Dance with your body as a whole, not with your limbs alone.”

“Amidst a swirl of dancing bodies, my body stood out stark and clear. The darkness which no one wanted was now an asset. To appreciate black, I had to borrow the eyes of white men.”

This book flows along with your reading and mesmerizes the reader. Reading Dance is like watching a performance. Dance can be read at many layers- as a form of self-expression, reviving the dying art of ‘kalaripayattu’ or an attempt to fuse it with modern dance. The English translation of M Mukundan’s award-winning Malayalam novel Nruttam, it is a celebration of dance transcending continents and passion through cyberspace, one message is all it takes to put into action the narrative of Dance. This novella, originally written in Malayalam, has been translated into English by D.Krishna Ayyar and K.G. Ramakrishnan. The flawless fluidity of the narrative holds the reader from start. This is a treat for every person who enjoys a compelling narrative that touches your heart. It takes dance from a physical expression to a spiritual interaction forming a heart-warming bond between people who have never met. “I forgot my body. I forgot my mind… I wasn’t there. The dance alone was.”
Satchidanandan commented on the novel, as being a “transformation of the everyday.” He said, “For the first time in India, email has been used to develop a serial narrative through which the story unfolds. This is something unique and global.”
“Dance” is not merely about dance. “It is multi-layered. It is about the borderless world. It speaks about the colonisation of bodies. The changing face of art and its commercialisation also finds mention,” Mukundan unravels the novella.

Friday, August 6, 2010

The End of Human History by Hasan Manzar- My Book Review

Title: The End of Human History

Author: Hasan Manzar

Place: New Delhi, India

Publisher: Katha

Publication date: 2002

Pages: 299

Price: Rs.295

ISBN: 81-87649-37-2

The End of Human History is a collection of short stories translated from Urdu to English. This book is a good literary read for those who like stories about personal experiences affected by political and social events. These stories set between pre-partition to post-partition era explore themes such as nationalism, religious identity and narrate gritty realism through mundane details of ordinary people. Manzar tells the story of “real, flesh and blood people, victims of oppression and violence, scarred by pain and injustice.” Hasan Manzar was born in Hapur (Uttar Pradesh) in 1934. His family migrated to Pakistan in 1947 and settled in Lahore where he received his formal education in Forman Christian College, Ismania College and later King Edward Medical College for his medical degree. He lives in Hyderabad, Sindh. In his conception and form of storytelling he is a realist and believes in subtlety.

What makes these stories unforgettable is the point of view of narration. Each story is uniquely narrated from each individual’s perspective. It gives a distinct personal touch to each character’s story. The characters have flaws that the reader can relate to. The events unfold from the perspective of someone who is always involved in it, be it the victim in ‘Emancipation’ and ‘The Beggar Boy’, or the characters troubled by their reckless, drunk father in ‘The Old Croc’. It is not the larger social domain but the personal domain affected by social consequences that is presented for the reader. The stories are translated from Urdu into English but it retains an enticing picture of society in which it is set.

The name of this collection is inspired by Manzar’s story ‘The End of Human History’, which is the last story in this book. It is filled with symbolism, satire and black humor to drive home a crucial message, although there are repetitions of the same point in various forms in the story, it is loud and clear- women perishing would mean the end of mankind. In my opinion, the ending of this could find parallels as an inversion of Adam and Eve’s story where the woman was created for man who started the human race, here the man buries his wife marking an end of humankind.

In ‘The One Upstair’, it is Yasmeen’s silences that speak louder than her words. She is a kept woman who refers to the ‘madam’ as the one upstairs. In the story, Rafeeq Khan a salesman and probably her paramour, comes to visit her with a rooster. Through their dialogue we find out, “It’s all in the hands of the one upstairs” for Yasmeen.

Another victim whose fate is in the hands of someone else is the 12 year old boy in ‘The Beggar Boy’, who is thrown into religious dilemma when asked to change his religion in exchange for food, cloth and shelter from a Muslim family. The omnipresent narrator comments sardonically, “…our story isn’t all that old…in the days of Hastinapur’s eminence, people didn’t go about persuading others to change their religion.” It is the 12 year old boy who undergoes the trauma bearing the burden of religion and resigns to fate and concludes “Let’s just say there are people who do many things without a reason.”

It is the reason to live that the old couple seems to be looking for in ‘The Cactus’. It is a story of an old couple planning to sell off their house in Hyderabad and move to Karachi. There runs an undercurrent of nostalgia and missing one’s family that runs through the story. While reading the story I felt that the cactus represents the prickling reminder of what they are missing. The cactus has encroached into their house making a hole in the wall just as the thorns of loneliness and longing have left a hole in their hearts.

Through all the stories suffering continues to build up where eventually in the last story human kind is threatened with extinction- as a consequence of its own deeds. What strikes the reader most is the pattern of each story-how it builds up and leaves the reader in discomfort searching his own solutions. Manzar’a purpose is to make readers identify with human emotions that transcend historical contexts and different value systems. It makes one realize of the many attitudes and mind-sets that have been internalized with time without even questioning. These stories by Manzar are a reminder of those. It is an interesting read with impeccable translation that retains the essence of the original.

Thursday, August 5, 2010

Korean Superstitions

Superstitions are the strangest and the most interesting part of any culture. Listed below are my favourites from Korean culture.

1. People with 'B' blood group are not to be trusted

True Blood Type T-ShirtThis is illustrated with a story- In a restaurant there are four people sitting. First one is 'A' blood group, second one is 'B' blood group, third one is 'AB' and fourth one is 'O'. When the food arrives, it is not good, thus follows reactions from each person belonging to specific blood group. 'A' blood group- "Oh my!! if I leave my food what will the others think?" (incessantly worrying) 'B' blood group- "Who cares, let's finish it, forget it and move on" (insensitive, opportunist) 'AB' blood group- "What kind of crap is this!! I will sue you"(rebel, leader, extrovert, dominating) and 'O' blood group person continues to eat happily (easygoing, happy-go-lucky, carefree and cool-headed.) So people with 'B' blood group are supposed to be the twisted, cold-hearted, opportunists, who cannot be trusted. This interesting fact was related to me by none other than my Korean professor after a casual post-conference coffee. What surprised me was the reaction of the other Korean students who were subsequently asked their blood-groups, all of them said they belonged to 'A', 'AB', or 'O'. It turned out that I was the only person with 'B' blood group and a foreigner. The idea of personality based on blood group is said to be started by the Japanese (click on link)

2. Writing name in red is inauspicious

stock photo : ABC wooden blocks stacked vertically. If you write anyone's name in red, (including your own) you wish them death. I would write my name with multi-colour pens on my syntax text books just to make it look happy, one day my Korean classmate pointed out that I should not write my name in red, as I would be inviting death. My guess is that maybe the colour red is the colour of blood, so if you write your name in red it's like writing it in blood, hence you are going to spill your blood, in other words you would get hurt or die. On the contrary names are written in red on wedding invitation cards for Hindus. All names are written in red because it indicates celebration, joy and an auspicious occasion.

3. Number four is bad and means death

stock photo : Block number on a wall When I would go to the biggest department store in Korea, Time World Galleria, I would be confused by the numbering in the elevator. It had numeric 1 to 15 indicating the floors on it except number 4. In place of 4 it was written 'F'. Now I would think this 'F' would stand for first floor. But that was not logical. So my Korean friend explained it to me that number 4 is the number of death for Koreans. The phonetic sound of 4 in Korean is 'sa', which is derived from Chinese, 'ci', which also means 'to die'. Therefore the elevator does not have 4 written on the buttons, just a 'F'. Some apartments do not even have the fourth floor, after the 3rd floor we go directly to the 5th floor.

4. Counting of age begins even before you are born

Age in Korea starts one year ahead of when the baby is born. When it is conceived life starts from that moment, the counting of age also beings with it. So if you are 20yrs in India, you will be 21 in Korea. Also when the new year begins another year is added to your age from the start of new year. On January 2011 you will become 22, even before your birthday. When a baby is born he/she is already one year old, and if born in December, next month in January will become 2yrs. already!!

5. Eating hot food in summer cools your body

Eating hot, piping Korean food like 'Sam-gye-thang', chicken soup in scorching summer will cool your body. Eating the hot soup will make you sweat, therefore due to the perspiration your body temperature will cool down, releasing the heat from inside. Also when you are angry, you should drink hot water (not cold water). Hot water will make the anger spill out, instead of cooling it down and suppressing it. If you drink cool water the anger gets suppressed, it increases the pressure on your heart which is not good. Therefore, one should drink hot water to release anger.

6. Body piercings are bad

The idea takes root in Confucianism-your parents gave you the body you are born with. You have no right over it, so you cannot destroy it or deform it in any ways. Piercing makes a hole in your body which is a form of defiling, therefore you are destroying the gift that your parents gave. Therefore any form of piercing is bad and a disrespect. Not many Korean girls actually have too many pierces, at max most of them have one set of ear piercing, that too after they pass out of school or graduate from university, basically as soon as they can renounce parental control. Although some Korean guys too are joining the piercing club with changing times. Personally, I used to get a lot of attention in Korea for my nose piercing, when perfect strangers in bus stations would come up to me, point at my nose and ask, "Appha-yo?" ("Does it hurt?")

7. Pork soup is an anti-dote for hangover

There is a special spicy pork rib soup in Korea, called 'Hye-jang-kook' that is believed to be the perfect remedy to remove hangover. It is believed to be made with special herbs and spices that 'wake up' your senses. This is one of the most delicious dishes I have had in Korea. I still remember that place near City Hall, behind the Krispy Kreme that would serve the best pork rib soup in town. It is served specially in a black stone bowl, straight out of fire along with radish kimchi as side dish (fermented vegetable, Korean specialty). So if Saturday night you drunk then Sunday morning eat spicy pork rib soup to avoid hangover. Around the campus area called Gung Dong, there was an eating place run by a Korean ajuma, who would sell 'hye-jang-kook' and open up as early as 7.30am. Every morning there would be a long line of Korean men going in and ordering pork soup, after a night of partying!

8. Sleeping with the fan switched on might result in death

Electric fans sold in Korea are equipped with a "timer knob" switch, which turns them off after a set number of minutes: perceived as a life-saving function, particularly essential for bed-time use. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan_death
There are hardly any ceiling fans in Korea, they mostly use table fans during summer. All fans come with a timer. The timer ensures that 'fan deaths' are prevented. The belief is that if you sleep with the fan on, the fan blades rotating at such high speed could fall down on you and kill you. This is my favourite of all the Korean superstitions. My students would tell me with straight faces and full concern that I should not sleep with the fan turned on at night, instead use air conditioner. The fan is dangerous, and could kill you, I could think of no explanation for this one. There are articles that would appear in newspapers convincing people of occurrences of 'fan deaths'.
In an e-mail interview with the IHT-JoongAng Daily, Dr. Yeon Dong-su, dean of Kwandong University's medical school, who has investigated some cases of "fan deaths," refuted some of the wilder theories but insisted fan deaths do occur.
"Many people say that these victims die from lack of oxygen, but that is not true," Dr. Yeon wrote. "Hypothermia does not only occur in the winter when it is cold. The symptoms can also take place if a person has been drinking and turns on a fan in a closed room. Most people wake up when they feel cold, but if you are drunk you will not wake up, even if your body temperature drops below 35 degrees Celsius (95 F), at which point you can die from hypothermia." (click on link) http://web.archive.org/web/20070110052746/http://joongangdaily.joins.com/200409/22/200409222123324579900091009101.html%0D%0D
Wonder how would they survive summer in Delhi without a ceiling fan!!