Friday, August 27, 2010
Dance by M.Mukundan- Book Review
Friday, August 6, 2010
The End of Human History by Hasan Manzar- My Book Review
Title: The End of Human History
Author: Hasan Manzar
Place:
Publisher: Katha
Publication date: 2002
Pages: 299
Price: Rs.295
ISBN: 81-87649-37-2
The End of Human History is a collection of short stories translated from Urdu to English. This book is a good literary read for those who like stories about personal experiences affected by political and social events. These stories set between pre-partition to post-partition era explore themes such as nationalism, religious identity and narrate gritty realism through mundane details of ordinary people. Manzar tells the story of “real, flesh and blood people, victims of oppression and violence, scarred by pain and injustice.” Hasan Manzar was born in Hapur (Uttar Pradesh) in 1934. His family migrated to
What makes these stories unforgettable is the point of view of narration. Each story is uniquely narrated from each individual’s perspective. It gives a distinct personal touch to each character’s story. The characters have flaws that the reader can relate to. The events unfold from the perspective of someone who is always involved in it, be it the victim in ‘Emancipation’ and ‘The Beggar Boy’, or the characters troubled by their reckless, drunk father in ‘The Old Croc’. It is not the larger social domain but the personal domain affected by social consequences that is presented for the reader. The stories are translated from Urdu into English but it retains an enticing picture of society in which it is set.
The name of this collection is inspired by Manzar’s story ‘The End of Human History’, which is the last story in this book. It is filled with symbolism, satire and black humor to drive home a crucial message, although there are repetitions of the same point in various forms in the story, it is loud and clear- women perishing would mean the end of mankind. In my opinion, the ending of this could find parallels as an inversion of Adam and Eve’s story where the woman was created for man who started the human race, here the man buries his wife marking an end of humankind.
In ‘The One Upstair’, it is Yasmeen’s silences that speak louder than her words. She is a kept woman who refers to the ‘madam’ as the one upstairs. In the story, Rafeeq Khan a salesman and probably her paramour, comes to visit her with a rooster. Through their dialogue we find out, “It’s all in the hands of the one upstairs” for Yasmeen.
Another victim whose fate is in the hands of someone else is the 12 year old boy in ‘The Beggar Boy’, who is thrown into religious dilemma when asked to change his religion in exchange for food, cloth and shelter from a Muslim family. The omnipresent narrator comments sardonically, “…our story isn’t all that old…in the days of Hastinapur’s eminence, people didn’t go about persuading others to change their religion.” It is the 12 year old boy who undergoes the trauma bearing the burden of religion and resigns to fate and concludes “Let’s just say there are people who do many things without a reason.”
It is the reason to live that the old couple seems to be looking for in ‘The Cactus’. It is a story of an old couple planning to sell off their house in
Through all the stories suffering continues to build up where eventually in the last story human kind is threatened with extinction- as a consequence of its own deeds. What strikes the reader most is the pattern of each story-how it builds up and leaves the reader in discomfort searching his own solutions. Manzar’a purpose is to make readers identify with human emotions that transcend historical contexts and different value systems. It makes one realize of the many attitudes and mind-sets that have been internalized with time without even questioning. These stories by Manzar are a reminder of those. It is an interesting read with impeccable translation that retains the essence of the original.